Mao Zedong Essay

1. A) According to source A, Mao Zedong along with the Party Central Committee were able to efficiently construct a socialist system in China, within a very short period of time. Mao and the PCC were able to analyze the economy of China and develop a system called the Great Leap Forward, which would fix the problems that they had discovered. That system quickly transformed China into a self-sufficient country, which were able to function under a socialist system. B) Source D displays Chairman Mao with his many supporters at a massive rally, where he had condemned the bourgeois intellectuals. Mao is shown sitting down with a very straight and serious face, along with his many supporters with their fists up. This photo shows Mao’s supreme command over people and his serious demeanor while ruling over people as well as talking about the bourgeois class. 2. Source B shows Mao Zedong’s beliefs about his rapid socialization, which is very successful. Mao shows anger and rage in his speech towards party members who wanted the progress of China to be slow down because he believed his movement was becoming increasingly successful. Source E on the other hand, displays Mao’s policies in an alternate manner. The author explains that the Chinese economy was hurt by Mao’s attempts to rapidly industrialize it. He stated that the economy did not stabilize until Mao took a break from politics. When Mao returned to the realm of politics again, he introduced a policy that would transform Chinese society. These policies would offset the progress that was made during Mao’s political absence and would also introduce more problems and strife into society. Source B shows approval towards Mao’s attempts to swiftly change society however; source E shows the damaging effects for China nationally. 3. Source A is a newspaper article, which talks about judgments on Mao’s political policies. The author’s intent on writing the article was to persuade people that Mao’s policies transformed China into a powerful and self-sufficient socialist nation. While Mao was in power, he imposed heavy censorship of the Chinese media. The author had to please Chairman Mao, so this made it very difficult to portray his actual points. Therefore, the article is most likely biased and cannot present an accurate primary source account of Mao Zedong. However, the article can be utilized as an example of Mao’s censorship of media during his time of rule. Source C is a brief rant that a university student wrote and published on a wall poster at a Qinghua University. The rant was written in order to persuade Chinese people that corrupt leaders like Chairman Mao are taking advantage of them. The author also seems to be calling his audience to take action and overthrow Chairman Mao. He supports this notion by saying that the people gave Mao power in China, and the people can also easily take it all back. The rant is full of emotion, with no factual evidence towards his claims, which takes away from the validity of this document. This piece doesn’t contain an abundance of data or facts, but it does give the reader a true account of the rage and anger many bourgeois intellectuals felt during Mao’s rule. The value in this source is that it establishes the true feelings of oppression towards the bourgeois class by a communist dictator. 4. Between 1953 and 1964, Mao transformed China into a socialist nation. In actuality, China displayed characteristics of a single party state led by Mao Zedong. Source D displays a picture of a massive rally led by Mao, and his followers raised their hand in passion against the bourgeois intellectuals. The people were very proud of their government and proud to be on Mao’s side, as seen by all their hands in the air. It is striking however, that Mao is sitting there without his fist in the air and the same conviction as his followers. Chairman Mao has all the power in his hands although it looks as if the people commonly share the power. The proletariat class would have power in a true socialistic government however; Mao controls the people of China under his iron fist. Source A is a newspaper article that respects and acknowledges the Great Leap Forward as a step in the right direction for the Chinese economy. In actuality, Mao’s Great Leap Forward was a failure. The production levels increased in factories, but at a detrimental cost to the Chinese population. Many farmers lost their lives through the collectivization plan, which took more grain away from the people and handed it to the government. Source A shows a controlled positive image of Mao’s success with transforming the economy, so the people can become brainwashed to believe that Mao is helping the Chinese people, when he is actually killing them. Mao’s clever use of Cult of Personality allowed him to create this untruthful positive divine image of himself and thus source A was written to conform to Mao’s image and also so this person would not be accused as a counter-revolutionary. The third source, Source C, displays the outright control Mao had over the bourgeois intellectual class. A student offers his opinion on the oppressive ways of Chairman Mao. His rant shows rage towards Mao’s political system, which is corrupt. It also provides a heartfelt account of true emotion about what citizens actually think about Mao Zedong and not a censored image of Chairman Mao. Sources A and C both display characteristics of a single party dictator instead of a socialist government. Mao controls all aspects of Chinese life and makes all the decisions; unlike in true socialism where the proletariats are given the rights to chose the structure of government. He transformed Chinese people into a single-minded inferior race that blindly follows the leader. Socialism on the other hand provides the absolute opposite, where people can think for themselves, but more importantly the people make decisions and work towards the goal of a better country.

A Critical Analysis of the Arthurian Tale Sir Gawain and The Green Knight in the context of Literary Theory

This story is in the tradition of Arthurian stories about the Legendary King Arthur and his Knights of the Round Table. This is a alliterative poem belonging to the romantic genre of Arthurian legends.The author is anonymous and is simply referred to as the Gawain poet or the Pearl poet and is dated Ca. 1340-1400 from West Midlands in England, Sir Gawain and the Green Knight tells a tale of how Sir Gawain, a member of the esteemed Knights of the Round Table in King Arthur’s court at Camelot, accepted a challenge from a mysterious stranger, referred to as the Green Knight, who suddenly barges in on a merry feast in King Arthur’s Court.The story contains points, both in a Feminist and in a Marxist reading, that exhibit both positive and negative symbolisms, thus, inevitably furthering the contention that this is also very Deconstructivist; which is another literary theory and reading of the story. Certain symbolisms, themes and tones in the story show this is so, by being capable of having both pro and anti- Feminist and Marxist elements, which would be discussed in a more detailed manner in the following pages.FEMINISIT READINGâ€Å"Women are systematically degraded by receiving the trivial attentions which men think it manly to pay to the sex, when, in fact, men are insultingly supporting their own superiority.† (Wollstonecraft, 1759)Much can be gleaned when giving this piece a feminist reading. To start with, this belonging to the classic Medieval Age Romance and it being one of the Arthurian Legend makes it a very easy target for being tagged as anti Feminist.The very concept of the Medieval Age, and the mere mention of Arthurian Legends is in itself enough subject of anti Feminist repartee’s. The very fact alone that this era is characterized by patriarchal dominance and machismo is a strong enough qualification to label this outright as an anti Feminist story, without even going to the analysis of the story. The most obvious of a ll is the general tone and obvious patriarchal system of the story.There is a King who is high and mighty, and he rules over his subjects. The most loyal, admired and feared heroes are the Knights of the Round Table, whom, are all men. The Queen Guinevere is described as if she was a wall flower in all these brave bold display of masculine superiority, and is even deemed to be quiet, and not to say anything. In some translations of the story she is even said to sit beside Gawain, and not beside his supposed husband.The mention in the text that she presides over the festivities is merely titular, if at all, a token too trifle. With such a patriarchal system, it follows that the story also shows phallocentrism. If Camelot, the supposed Utopia is all patriarchal, what more could be expected of in the ‘real’ world?When Sir Gawain left on his quest to fulfill his vow to the Green Knight, he came upon a castle, where the lord of the castle, Bertilak of Hautdesert told him to give to him whatever he gets in exchange for the game he hunted. While the lord is away, the lady of the castle is left idling away on the castle, and falls to seducing the visitor. This brings to mind another archetypal typecasting or stereotyping of women; the Sinner/Saint stereotypes.In this story, Guinevere is the pure maiden; the saintly woman of virtue, while the Lady Bertilak is typecast as the sinner/slut/whore impure woman. There is an imposition of impossible virtues to the women as patently due to a macho image and in contrast to how a man should be chivalrous and upright.The seduction of the Lady Bertilak as opposed to the chastity of Queen Guinevere is clearly a male imposed virtue and rule of morals to how women should act. They should silently preside over ceremonies, as Guinevere does, or should patiently wait for his husband to come home, as the Lady Bertilak should have done.   

A Seperate Piece Essay Research Paper A

A Seperate Piece Essay, Research Paper A Separate Peace In his book A Separate Peace John Knowles communicates what war truly is. He uses a figure of complex characters in a really complicated secret plan in order to convey the harsh, sad, barbarous, destructive forces of war. The Characters Gene and Finny are used as opposing forces in a battle between that cold world of war-that is World War II in this story-and a separate peace. A peace off from the existent war and all of the awful things that come with it. Through their relationship, that is a battle on both sides form the beginning, Knowles establishes the world of war in all of its kernel. Gene Forrester is established as the force of world which is the war. This thought is established clearly in a drawn-out address Gene gives as the storyteller of the narrative in Chapter Three: Everyone has a minute in history which belongs peculiarly to him. It is the minute when his emotions achieve their most powerful sway over him, and subsequently when you say to this individual # 8220 ; the universe today # 8221 ; or # 8220 ; life # 8221 ; or # 8220 ; world # 8221 ; he will presume that you mean this minute, even if it is 50 old ages by. The universe, through his unleashed emotions, imprinted itself upon him, and he carries the cast of that passing minute everlastingly. ( 32 ) This statement explains that Gene must hold something that is his # 8220 ; stamp. # 8221 ; This cast appears to specify an individual-exemplifying what he stands for. It is found that this is true in the following paragraph where Gene continues, # 8220 ; For me, this moment-four old ages is a minute in history-war the war. The war was and is world for me. I still live and think in its ambiance # 8221 ; ( 32 ) . Later in the same paragraph he goes on to state: America is non, neer has been, and neer will be what the vocals and poems call it, a land of plentifulness. Nylon, meat, gasolene, and steel are rare. There are excessively many occupations and non adequate workers. Money is really easy to gain but instead difficult to pass, because there isn # 8217 ; T really much to purchase. . .The war will ever be fought really far off from America and it will neer terminal. Nothing in America bases still for really long, including the people, who are ever either go forthing or on leave. ( 32 ) This is what Gene stands for in the narrative of A Separate Peace. Gene appears to omnisciently understand the world of war and how it effects people. Throughout the full narrative Gene is used to convey in the destructive world of war into the mundane life at Devon High School where there is an effort to make, and exist in, a separate peace. There is nevertheless rather an resistance to this reality-known by Gene-that is headed by Gene # 8217 ; s best friend Finny. Finny has his ain # 8220 ; reality. # 8221 ; Finny displays this world throughout the whole book merely as Gene acts throughout the whole book. From the position of the storyteller, Gene, Finny # 8217 ; s universe is one where there are a batch of things that Finny does to seek and replace for the existent war. This universe or # 8220 ; world # 8221 ; that Finny creates and exists in is the separate peace spoken of earlier. Finny foremost begins to make this separate peace with games. Because Finny can # 8217 ; T face the world of the existent war these games are representative of the war. Finny makes the regulations so that he can be in these games as a force that is never-say-die. The first game Finny invents is # 8220 ; The Super Suicide Society of the Summer Session. # 8221 ; This game consists of jumping of the limb of a tree into the river by Devon High School. As the game is invented both Finny and Gene agree to acquire it started they must leap out of the tree and in to the river foremost. Finny allows Gene to leap foremost. This is where there is a foreshadow of the autumn from the separate peace: We were standing on a limb, I a little farther out than Finny. I turned to state something else, some procrastinating comment, something to detain even a few seconds more, and so I realized that in turning I had begun to lose my balance. There was a minute of entire, impersonal terror, and so Finny # 8217 ; s manus shot out and catch my arm, and with my balance restored, the terror instantly disappeared. ( 24 ) In this case Finny is able to salvage Gene from falling out of his universe into Gene # 8217 ; s # 8220 ; reality. # 8221 ; The thought of Gene understanding that this is truly Finny # 8217 ; s universe comes at the beginning of Chapter Three, # 8220 ; Yes, he had practically saved my life. He had besides practically lost it for me. I wouldn # 8217 ; Ts have been on that darn limb except for him. # 8221 ; Here Gene knows that his traveling into Finny # 8217 ; s world could hold wholly taken his world or life off. This game appears to be a replacement for the existent war more and more as Chapter Three advancements. Gene goes on to explicate how he and Finny signed up # 8220 ; trainees # 8221 ; on the topographic point and how they initiated them every dark ( 25 ) . This clearly resembles the basic preparation and initiating of existent soldiers in the war. Finny besides creates another game that substitutes for the existent war: Blitzball. It is known that this game is related to the war because a boy nowadays during the innovation of the game, Bobby Zane, remarks, # 8220 ; Let # 8217 ; s make it hold something to make with the war. # 8221 ; Finny likes this thought and goes with it. He goes on to do up all sorts of regulations. After all of the parts of the game are invented Gene realizes that, # 8220 ; He had unconsciously invented a game which brought his ain athletic gifts to their highest pitch. # 8221 ; What may be even a more of import statement is what Gene says following the last statement # 8221 ; The odds were enormously against the ball bearer, so that Phineas was driven to exceed himself practically every twenty-four hours when he carried the ball. To get away the wolf battalion which all the other participants became he created contraries and misrepresentations and Acts of the Apostless of sheer mass mesmerism which were so extraordinary that they surprised even him. ( 31 ) Finny made up this athletics and he made it so that he could be in control. This is merely like Finny # 8217 ; s universe of separate peace. Finny continues to touch Gene # 8217 ; s world that is the existent war in much the same manner he does in the games he invents. He continues with this subject by truly neer acquiring in problem. He ever has come capturing manner to do up his ain regulations that he can stay by while disobeying the existent regulations. In making this no 1 seems to keep Finny responsible-they neer truly do him abide by the existent regulations. In Chapter Two Finny wears a pink shirt which he explains is an emblem for the bombardment of Central Europe ( 18 ) . He explains that because he has no flag to wing for them-or anything else related-he will have on the pink shirt. Finny avoids holding to conform to the existent regulations in school that twenty-four hours when Mr. Patch-Withers asks Finny about it-surly because he usually disapproves of such rebellious behaviour. Finny once more explains what he explained to Gene and avoids any problem. Gene remarks, # 8220 ; It was mesmerism. I was get downing to see that Phineas could acquire away with anything. # 8221 ; Further grounds of Finny # 8217 ; s ability to do his world-or separate peace-comes on the undermentioned page. Mr. Patch-Withers offers the # 8220 ; traditional term tea to the Upper Middle Class # 8221 ; ( 18 ) . While at this event Finny explains all of his ideas about the bombardment of cardinal Europe. While making so he poses a inquiry to others, # 8220 ; I think we ought to bomb the daytimes out of them, every bit long as we Don # 8217 ; t hit any adult females or kids or old people, don # 8217 ; t you? # 8221 ; He continues, # 8220 ; Or infirmaries. . .And Naturally no schools. Or churches. # 8221 ; An statement over whether such a effort could be accomplished on the physical degree ensues, but what is truly of import is that Finny says this when it truly is non really plausible-and remains rather implausible up until the late 1980s. Finny doesn # 8217 ; t to the full understand the impact of war on people-he doesn # 8217 ; t understand that war kills people physically and mentally and he doesn # 8217 ; t understand that it effects everyone that has a close relationship with the it ( non including himself ) . It effects adult females, kids, old people, infirmaries, churches and schools. Finny has created a false world here and it is emphasized even more on the following page when he says he believes that, # 8220 ; the school is involved in everything that happens in the war, it # 8217 ; s all the same was and the same universe # 8221 ; ( 20 ) . The truth is that the war is partly involved in the war, but non the manner Finny believes it is. Finny has created a separate peace at Devon that he substitutes for the existent war. Meanwhile, Gene understands that the land that the war is being fought on is, # 8220 ; All foreign lands. . .inaccessible except to military mans ; they are obscure, distant, and sealed off as though behind a drape of plastic. # 8221 ; This transition shows us that although Gene may non hold fought in the war and had first manus experiences of the awful devastation of it, he lt ;< p>has perchance the best apprehension he can without being in the war and he appreciates the war for what it is. This is unlike Finny who creates his ain war within Devon-which is truly a separate peace because of its deficiency of the existent features of the existent war. There is turning point in the book at which all of this creative activity of a separate peace that is non the existent war Michigans and the world that Gene knows-the one that is real-begins to go more clear. A really of import event occurs in Chapter Four. One eventide as Gene is analyzing for an test, Finny announces that Leper is traveling to take his first spring from the tree. This requires the attending of Gene. When the male childs get to the tree to leap Finny suggests that he and Gene jump side by side. This is the first clip that we get to see the symbolism of puting Gene # 8217 ; s world next to Finny # 8217 ; s world to compare the two. While on the limb, someway, Gene # 8220 ; jounced the limb # 8221 ; ( 52 ) . Finny fell to the difficult shore violently and # 8220 ; shattered # 8221 ; on of his legs while Gene jumps # 8220 ; with unthinking sureness. # 8221 ; Here we see that when the two worlds are compared side by side Finny # 8217 ; s falls and shatters. Subsequently in that same chapter Gene puts on Finny # 8217 ; s apparels and looks in the mirror to see that he appears to be merely like Finny ( 54 ) . In making this he understands how each of them are fighting to recognize the right world. Finny sees his world and Gene sees his ain but together they are still really similar even though their thoughts about world are different. The chapter continues with Dr. Stanpole uncovering to Gene that, # 8220 ; athleticss are finished # 8221 ; for Finny. This takes off Finny # 8217 ; s manner to make his separate peace. Finny is non present for the beginning of the autumn session at Devon and as a consequence Chapter Six begins with the statement, # 8220 ; Peace had deserted Devon # 8221 ; ( 64 ) . This indicates the deficiency of peace, the peace that the school had come to cognize when Finny was present-a separate peace. With the deficiency of this peace the door is unfastened for the world that is war to enter. Throughout Chapter Six we begin to see more and more of the existent war to ooze into Devon. We find that, # 8220 ; Five of the younger instructors were losing, gone into the war. Mr. Expressway had come in his Naval ensign # 8217 ; s uniform. . . # 8221 ; With all of this go oning Finny is non traveling to give up his world without a battle. Finny finds out that Gene had signed up as an helper to a squad and informs Gene that # 8220 ; if I can # 8217 ; t play athleticss, you # 8217 ; re traveling to play them for me # 8221 ; ( 77 ) . Gene doesn # 8217 ; T put up any statement to this thought because of his deep friendly relationship with Finny. The fact that he has hurt Finny a batch late likely besides has something to make with his deficiency of statement. After all Finny still is his best friend and aching a best friend is difficult to make even when you know that, to uncover the truth, sometimes you have to. His old exchange is forgotten for a piece as school Begins. When it begins to snow two hundred male childs are recruited to assist shovel snow off of the railway paces in a near by town as portion of # 8220 ; the war attempt # 8221 ; ( 88 ) . This is merely the beginning of the war # 8217 ; s ooze into life at Devon. Later in that same chapter we find the war is set uping the male childs even more where Brinker announces, # 8220 ; I # 8217 ; m giving it up, I # 8217 ; m traveling to enlist. Tomorrow. # 8221 ; In that same chapter Finny returns to Devon to Gene # 8217 ; s surprise. During their conversation in their room Finny finds out that there are no amahs this semester because of the war. Gene remarks on this, # 8220 ; After all, there is a war on # 8221 ; ( 96 ) . Finny # 8217 ; s intuiting response is, # 8220 ; Is there? # 8221 ; It is difficult to state if Finny is being sarcastic or intending something different than what is sounds like with this remark. One can, nevertheless, know that the fact that he said this is of import because it is in the book at all. With this in head it would do sense that this is a remark on Finny # 8217 ; s deficiency of understanding for the existent war that is happening. Later we find that Gene is believing approximately enlisted to function in the war but he decides no to because he doesn # 8217 ; t want to abandon his friend who he has hurt plenty already. With this in head Gene remarks, as the storyteller, # 8220 ; peace had come back to Devon. # 8221 ; This indicates that Finny # 8217 ; s thoughts of the separate peace had returned and Finny attempts to set up them once more after being off so long. The beginning of Finny # 8217 ; s try to regenerate his separate peace takes topographic point when he tells Gene, # 8220 ; You # 8217 ; re traveling to be the large star now. # 8221 ; Gene is hesitating to take this on and goes on to explicate that athleticss didn # 8217 ; t seem as of import to him with the war on. Finny responds to this, # 8220 ; Have you swallowed all that war material. . . there isn # 8217 ; t any war. # 8221 ; This is the point at which Gene comes to recognize that Finny doesn # 8217 ; t believe there is a existent war traveling on. Finny goes on to do Gene make what he can no longer make: vie physically. He does this in order to maintain the thought of the separate peace alive. The thought of Finny non understanding the war is emphasized more when Finny tells Gene that he is traveling to develop him for the Olympics in 1944. Gene responds by stating Finny # 8220 ; there isn # 8217 ; t traveling to be any Olympic gamess in # 8216 ; 44. That # 8217 ; s merely a twosome old ages off. The war- # 8221 ; Finny # 8217 ; s response is, # 8220 ; Leave your fantasy life out of this. We # 8217 ; re preparing you for the Olympics, buddy, in 1944. # 8221 ; Finny openly defies the thought that there is a war traveling on and that it is set uping people around the universe. The 1944 Olympics do non happen. This is the beginning of the terminal for Finny # 8217 ; s separate peace and the events that follow conveying out the undeniable world of the war. It becomes of all time more evident as Leper enlists and the senior male childs are solicited during the winter months by members of the armed forces recruitment squads. Finny continues his deficiency of belief by acquiring involved with the Winter Carnival. Finny does this in an effort to show everyone the peace that he believes is existent. The terminal of Finny # 8217 ; s separate peace continues though when, during the Winter Carnival, he receives a wire. Gene takes the wire from Finny and reads it, it reads: I HAVE ESCAPED AND NEED HELP. I AM AT CHRISTMAS LOCATION. YOU UNDERSTAND. NO NEED TO RISK ADDRESS HERE. MY SAFETY DEPENDS ON YOU COMING AT ONCE. ( signed ) YOUR BEST Friend, ELWIN LEPER LEPELLIER. Gene goes to see Leper and finds he has changed. The first thing he notices is Leper # 8217 ; s left side of his lip raising involuntarily. Gene comes to happen that Gene abandoned the Army after recognizing that he was traveling to have a Section Eight any ways ( a Section Eight is a discharge because of a deficiency of psychological control ) . It is found that Leper does look to hold mental unwellness and has turned into a violent individual who is really angry-something that Leper decidedly wasn # 8217 ; T before he was in the war. Gene brings the intelligence of Leper # 8217 ; s state of affairs back to the school to put out the undeniable verification of the war. Leper has proven to us that there is a war and that it can kill the organic structure and spirit-it is destructive. The male childs finally come to keep a test with Gene to happen out the truth about the autumn that Finny took from the tree. We neer truly happen out if Gene jounced the limb on intent or if he believes he did-all of this is really equivocal. The most of import event during the meeting is Finny # 8217 ; s realisation though. As the male childs are reasoning to seek and happen the truth Finny says, # 8220 ; I merely wear # 8217 ; t attention. Never head # 8221 ; ( 169 ) . Brinker cries to Finny as he runs off, # 8220 ; Wait a minute! We haven # 8217 ; t heard everything yet. We haven # 8217 ; t got all the facts. # 8221 ; Gene narrates, # 8220 ; The words shocked Phineas into consciousness # 8221 ; ( 169 ) . Finny has become cognizant of the existent truth and runs to the stepss in the hallway and Gene narrates, # 8220 ; Then these separate sounds collided into the general uproar of his organic structure falling clumsily down the white marble steps # 8221 ; ( 169 ) . Finny # 8217 ; s separate peace has fallen-literally and figuratively. The operation that Finny must undergo is purportedly simple. The operation is simple but a complication occurs and Finny dies. With Finny dies his separate peace. With the force of Finny # 8217 ; s separate peace on Devon the war comes fully fledged into Devon in the individual of military personnels from Parachute Riggers # 8217 ; school, who take over the Far Common. Gene recognize this as he walks down the halls to hear the P.T. teachers voice shouting, # 8220 ; Hut! Hew! Hee! Hore! # 8221 ; Indeed Gene # 8217 ; s world is the truth: the war is really existent and really destructive. John Knowles communicates what war truly is. He uses complex characters in a really complicated secret plan in order to convey the harsh, sad, barbarous, destructive forces of war. Gene and Finny # 8217 ; s relationship that includes the resistance illustrates this fact. Their relationship is used by Knowles to set up the awful world of war in all of its kernel.

International trade( to be specified) Research Paper

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Make up a title - Essay Example By the wars end, Mexico lost almost half of its territory, the current American Southwest from Texas to California, and the United States emerged as a continental power. Austin was anxious to justify the contract, and bring a good number of families. As many unmarried persons, as well as young men, came to the colony. Austin also suggested the primary concern of them being in pairs, making an individual the head of a particular family.Thus, the two would obtain a family head right, and the family members will increase. The arrangement leads a fortunate result to all concerned. Early 1823, Austin returned to his colony. Then Austin stopped to ascertain the powers held by general captain of the northeastern internal provinces. In addition, to have it defined and structured in the form of Spanish, and Austin was declared to have full administrative powers to administer justice in the colony. Austin made defensive war against the Indians and commanded the militia with the rank of lieutenant colonel. Moreover, Austin was clothed with executive, legislative and judicial powers. In addition, Austin was required to give a report to the states governor, and responsible to the captain-general of the

Strategic Management Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Strategic Management - Research Paper Example Internal Analysis X 5.1 SWOT Analysis X 5.1.1 Strength X 5.1.2 Weakness X 5.1.3 Opportunity X 5.1.4 Threat X 5.2 Value Chain Analysis X 6. Problem Definition X 6.1 Primary Problem - Unable to Respond to the Dynamic Market Trends X 6.2 Secondary Problems X 6.2.1 Emerging Preference for Sports Apparel Materials X 6.2.2 Intense Rivalry Among Competitors X 7. Recommendations X 7.1 Develop Alliance with Competitors X 7.2 Participating in Sports Events X 7.3 Expand the Research and Development Function X 8. Selected Recommendation X 9. Implementation X 10. Evaluation and Control X 10. Appendices X 11. Reference List X 1. Executive Summary In this report, the authors have critically analysed Bossini International Holdings Limited’s (BIHL)’s external and internal environment of Hong Kong’s apparel industry. The external analysis highlights the key current environmental factors through PEST Analysis and Porter’s 5 Forces Analysis. Such external analysis are aimed t o assist the company in remaining relevant and sustainable within the the dynamic external environment. An internal analysis of BIHL’s internal environment is then performed through SWOT analysis and Value-chain Analysis. The capabilities and shortcomings of BIHL are surfaced consequently. This allows for tailored strategies to suit BIHL in facing challenges within the industry. Subsequently, the key problems are highlighted from the external environment analysis. Through the internal environment analysis, relevant strategies are proposed and selected to counter the problems. The report concludes with the implementation of the selected strategy, featuring issue involved in evaluation and control. 2. Introduction The apparel industry in Hong Kong has flourished during recent times wherein the residents are not only inclined to buy more clothes but more ready spend on more expensive ones. The apparel industry in Hong Kong offers fashion wear, sportswear, casual, kids as well as footwear and footwear accessories. The list of consumers is not limited to the locals; it also includes international buyers and tourists. International brands have also entered into the Asian market by making first entry into the Hong Kong(HK) market. This suggests that HK presents a reliable and stable market to sell both locally and regionally (Euromonitor International 2011b). The overall size of the industry is over HK$53 Billion as of 2011 with more than 12,200 retail stores offering different apparels targeted at market segments. With growth of almost 22% per year, the Apparel industry in Hong Kong is one of the significant and growing industries in the economy (Yi Li & Jones 2001). Bossini International Holdings Limited (BIHL) is one of the leading apparel firms in HK. Established in 1987, BIHL has been an important player for the casual wear market for low and mid ranged consumers. Listed on the HK Stock Exchange in 1993, the firm has been able to achieve dynamic growth an d opened new stores around the world with major presence in regions like Asia, Europe and Middle East. Having near 1400 stores in 36 countries, BIHL has developed into a recognizable international brand. The   global presence outlines its drive towards becoming a global brand in the apparel industry (Bossini Enterprises Limited 2012). The overall market appeal of BIHL is based upon its recognizable casual wear that is not only colorful, but also soft in texture. Based on the motto of â€Å"

Retail Market Environment in the Republic of Ireland Assignment

Retail Market Environment in the Republic of Ireland - Assignment Example The political and economic stability provided by Irish government policies brought inflation and budget deficits under control after two years of overheating, resulting in increased labour force skills, employment, and foreign investments. Ireland's population of 4.1 million, growing at 1.2% yearly, is the youngest in the EU with more than 53% below the age of 35. Literacy is high, poverty is low, and government forecasts private consumption to grow at 5.6% and GDP ($222 bn in 2005) to grow steadily at 4.7% in 2006. The economic boom triggered substantial changes in the Irish retail landscape and transformed what was once a collection of small shops offering specialised services, small general stores offering various dry goods and fresh foods, and department stores selling clothes and household items. Rapid growth increased mobility, improving the access to information and altering the tastes and shopping habits of consumers, who are more discriminating in getting the highest possible quality at the lowest possible price. The retail sector is adapting to these changes through continuous entrepreneurial innovation and business consolidation. There are currently eleven categories of retail marketing channels in Ireland, ranging from small boutiques to large hypermarkets (Forfs, 2006). The average consumer in Ireland is young, affluent, well educated, employed, and with a high disposable income. The second part of the paper will be devoted to an analysis of Ireland's consumer profile. Environmental Assessment of Ireland's Retail Sector Probably the most important development in Ireland has been the lifting in January 2006, according to plan, of the Groceries Order, a 20-year old law designed to minimise cutthroat price competition among retailers by prohibiting below invoice selling (CSG, 2005). We made a LoNGPEST analysis to assess the political, economic, social, and technological effects of the recent lifting of the Groceries Order that may have widespread local, national, and global consequences. Overview of the Retail Market Sector Table 1 contains an overview of the top competitors in Ireland's retail market

Pizza Delivery and Domino Essay Example for Free

Pizza Delivery and Domino Essay Dominos Pizza, Inc. (NYSE: DPZ) is an international pizza delivery corporation headquartered in Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States. Founded in 1960, Dominos is the second-largest pizza chain in the United States. [1] Dominos currently has nearly 9,000 corporate and franchised stores[2] in 60 international markets[3] and all 50 U. S. states. Dominos Pizza was sold to Bain Capital in 1998 and went public in 2004. Dominos menu features pizza, pasta, oven-baked sandwiches, wings, boneless chicken, salads, breadsticks, cheesesticks, and a variety of dessert items. Management positions at Dominos Pizza distribution centers offer you the opportunity to join a world-class company with: * A competitive salary. * An excellent benefits package. * Opportunity for career growth. Our team leaders are involved in all facets of our business. The work is a combination of administrative and operational responsibilities performed throughout the distribution center. The best candidates are strong yet thoughtful leaders who have the ability to respect their team members and mentor them onto greater career development. If you care about the people who work for you and have the desire to encourage and assist in their career growth, youre the type of leader we look for. What Types of Management Positions Are Available? Our General Manager Development Program is an excellent start to acquiring skills and learning the fundamentals of business operations. In addition to several requirements, it is necessary to work successfully in a team leader position (minimum of six months) to apply for the program. The program is customized for each individual and focuses on the following areas. Food Production Preparing and mixing fresh pizza dough is the responsibility of a production team member. The production team is the secret behind the great-tasting Domino’s Pizza consumers turn to when they’re hungry. If you have the desire to create a top-quality food product every day, then our production department is for you. Commercial Delivery and Service Drivers We look for team members with a commitment to safety and excellent customer service to be part of our Delivery Service team. Delivery Service drivers will drive a truck over an established route to deliver products to Domino’s Pizza stores. When you take the wheel for Domino’s Pizza Distribution, you are the face of our company to our customers. You’re interaction with the stores is crucial to our success. Many drivers build lasting relationships with customers in the fun and supportive family environment of Domino’s Pizza. Warehouse Our warehouse team members ensure that our customers receive each and every product they order, every time they order it. As a warehouse team member, your main responsibility will be to load, unload and move materials within or near the distribution center. You’re the one who makes it happen for us every day and you are an important piece of who we are. n early 2000, Pawan Bhatia (Bhatia), the CEO of Dominos Pizza India (Dominos) was a man in a hurry. Ever since Bhatia took over as the CEO of Dominos in November 1999, he had been frantically reworking the pizza chains India strategy. Bhatia was planning to open 150 new outlets by the end of 2002 covering 23 cities,1 including Bhubaneshwar (Orissa) and Jamshedpur (Bihar). In late 1999, Indocean Chase, the private equity fund bought a 25% stake in Dominos operations in India from the Delhi-based industrial family, the Bhartias, who held Dominos franchise in India. Dominos told investment bankers at the fund that it planned to go in for an initial public offering (IPO) in the next two years. Indocean Chase advised Dominos to go beyond its 16 outlets in Delhi to exploit the potential in the pizza delivery business. Unless a well-thought-out expansion plan was put into place, the IPO was unlikely to find too many takers. As part of its expansion plans Dominos revamped its entire supply chain operations, from sourcing raw materials to shipping them for processing at a central location to delivering it to the customers. Initially, Dominos had a simple model. It had three self-contained commissaries in New Delhi, Mumbai and Bangalore which bought their own wheat, tomatoes and other ingredients, processed them, then delivered them in refrigerated trucks to each outlet. However, volumes were expected to increase when Dominos planned to open new outlets. Therefore, the existing model had to be revamped. Bhatia said, Its crucial for us to build a low-cost supply chain operation which takes costs out of the system and in turn gives us greater pricing flexibility in the marketplace. Analysts felt that Dominos had to rethink its supply chain operation because it was the biggest area of costs. Since 75% of Dominos customers ordered either from office or home, it did not have to lease large plots of land in prime locations to attract traffic. Instead, it needed an efficiently managed call centre to bring better returns. In the late 1950s, Dominick De Varti (Varti) owned a small pizza store named DomiNicks Pizza on the Eastern Michigan University campus in Ypsilanti, Michigan. In 1960, two brothers who were students of the University of Michigan – Thomas S. Monaghan (Thomas) and James S. Monaghan (James) – bought the store for US$900. In 1961, James sold his share of business to Thomas. The pizza business did well and by 1965, Thomas was able to open two more stores in the town – Pizza King and Pizza from the Prop. Within a year, Varti opened a pizza store in a neighborhood town with the same name, DomiNicks Pizza. Thomas decided to change the name of his first store, DomiNicks Pizza, and one of his employees suggested the name Dominos Pizza (Dominos). The advantage of this name Thomas felt was that it would be listed after DomiNick in the directory. Dominos philosophy rested on two principles – limited menu and delivering hot and fresh pizzas within half-an-hour. In 1967, it opened the first franchise store in Ypsilanti, and in 1968, a franchise store in Burlington, Vermont. However, the company ran into problems when its headquarters (the first store) and commissary were destroyed by fire. In the early 1970s, the company faced problems again when it was sued by Amstar, the parent company of Domino Sugar for trademark infringement. Thomas started looking for a new name and came up with Red Dominos and Pizzas Dispatch. However, there wasnt any need for it because Dominos won the lawsuit in 1980. In 1982, Dominos Pizza established Dominos Pizza International (DPI) that was made responsible for opening Dominos stores internationally. The first store was opened in Winnipeg, Canada. Within a year, DPI spread to more than 50 countries and in 1983, it inaugurated its 1000th store (Refer Exhibit II for worldwide revenues). Around the same time, new pizza chains like Pizza Hut and Little Caesar established themselves in the US. Dominos Pizza faced intense competition because it had not changed its menu of traditional hand-tossed pizza. The other pizza chains offered low-priced breadsticks, salads and other fast food apart from pizzas.. Analysts felt that Dominos took a cue from McDonalds supply chain model (Refer Box and Exhibit III for McDonalds model). However, they opined that the level of complexity in McDonalds system in India was not as high as that of Dominos. Commented Bhatia, McDonalds operations are not as spread out as ours. They are in four cities while we are in 16. Centralizing wouldnt work on such a geographical scale. Thus in early 2000, Dominos came out with its own logistics model. It began at the point Dominos purchased wheat for making the pizza dough. Dominos first decided the procurement strategy for its key raw materials: wheat, baby corn, tomatoes and spices. For instance, wheat was cheapest in Jalandhars (Punjab) wholesale markets. Dominos refrigerated trucks got the wheat back to the commissary in Delhi. Commissary processed the wheat and prepared the pizza dough. The pizza dough and other items prepared in commissaries were then sent to the retail outlets again in refrigerated trucks. The temperature inside the truck was fixed based on the distance between the retail outlets and the commissaries. This was to set the dough at a particular level when it reached the outlets. The retail outlets had to use up the processed dough within three days of delivery. If they failed to do so for some reason the entire quantity was discarded. To get to Jalandhar, the trucks had to pass Chandigarh. Chandigarh with a cosmopolitan population, was a potential market for Dominos products. Therefore, Dominos opened an outlet there. The cost of entry was low because there was no additional costs incurred on transportation of products

Visiting Nice †Jewel of the French Riviera

Visiting Nice – Jewel of the French Riviera Nice – Jewel of the French Riviera Salut! (Hello in French) As the jewel of the French Riviera (Cote d’Azure), the appeal of Nice is universal. A glamorous city with blue-green beaches, year-round sunshine, fashionable boutiques, splendid museums and galleries, a vibrant and energetic nightlife – Nice is a city that truly has it all! A major tourist attraction because of its splendid beaches and spectacular landscapes nearby, Nice casts a spell on visitors with its charm and energy. A perfect destination for everyone, from backpackers to wealthy businessmen, from partygoers to art aficionados and from honeymooners to families, you could spend a fortnight here and still be left craving for more! Best Season to Visit Nice With year-round sunshine and cool sea breezes, there is actually no bad time to visit Nice. Summer (June to August) is the most crowded season with a horde of tourists visiting. Parties run late into the night and the Jazz Festival is held during this time. Autumn (September to November) is a great time to visit with lesser tourist activity and milder temperatures. Winter (November to March) is mild and while one cannot venture into the sea during this season, it is perfect for sightseeing with minimal clouds and pleasant weather. The Carnival is held in February and is generally acknowledged to be the best in Europe. Spring (March to May) is pretty much the perfect time to visit, with the flowers in bloom, temperate weather and fewer tourists. Highlights (Special Things to Do in Nice) Visit the Port – Drink in the sight of all the glamorous yachts and the colorful fishing boats arrayed together while sipping on champagne in one of the many restaurants that line the port side. Climb up to Castle Hill (Colline du Chateau) and be rewarded with a beautiful view of the beachside and the sea. For a glimpse of St. Petersburg in France, pay a visit to the Cathedrale Saint Nicolas. Colorful and spectacular, it holds the distinction of being the first church to be designated a Russian Orthodox Church outside of Russia! Be enthralled by the fragrance and riot of colors at the Cours Saleya Flower Market – famous in all of Europe for the sheer variety of well-known and unusual flowers that are on display here for sale. Take a day-trip to the nearby Principality of Monaco. Everything about this small country screams luxury – Palaces, casinos, spectacular beaches, luxury cruise ships and yachts and even a Formula One Grand Prix if you visit in May. Try the famous beer sorbet at Fenocchio, considered the best ice cream parlor in Nice. Visit in July to get a chance to listen to â€Å"All that Jazz† – The annual Nice Jazz Festival is held at this time and features some of the best musicians performing from around the world. Sail to St. Tropez, the undisputed glamour capital of Europe – from celebrities to royalty, everybody who’s anybody holidays in this glitzy, resort town of azure beaches, luxury yachts and elegant villas! Experience the quiet life of the French countryside by visiting the charming village of Eze, perched atop a rocky mountain, with its ruined castle and beautiful views of the Mediterranean Sea. Be sure to feast on the Nicoise cuisine, especially the Socca (chickpea pancake) and the mouth-watering Pissaladiere (thick crust Pizza with a topping of caramelized onions and anchovies). Go celebrity spotting on a day-trip to Cannes during the annual Cannes Film Festival, that attracts the who’s who of filmdom from all around the world. Step out into the night and be entertained. Dancing to the beats all night at a disco, the thrill of gambling at casinos or quietly sipping a drink at a lounge bar – the nightlife of Nice offers you all this and more! Attractions in Nice Old Town (Vieux Nice) Vieux Nice (Old Town): The Old Town in Nice is a maze of narrow streets and winding alleys that are lined with beautiful Baroque churches, elegant cafes, trendy shops and vibrant public squaresBe sure to include the Cathedrale de Sainte Reparte and the Eglise du Jesu churches, and the Palais Lascaris, once an elegant home that has been transformed into an art museum now. Place Massena: The city’s main square, it is centrally located with the seaside to the south, the prime shopping street of Avenue Jean Medicin leading off to the north and beautiful gardens surrounding it. It retains an old world charm with many roadside cafes that one can hang out in. Place Garibaldi: One of the larger public squares bordering the Old Town, and along the way to the Port, this square is bordered by charming cafes and elegant shops. Every third Saturday of the month, a market is setup at the square that sells all manner of treasures from antique furniture to designer handbags and even old magazines! The Promenade Baie des Anges: The bay that is adjacent to the city of Nice on the Mediterranean is popular for swimming. The beach is pebbly and offers a contrast from the normal sandy beaches along the Mediterranean. Swim in the waters, or relax by lying on the beachside while waiting for the famed, epic sunsets of the Cote d’Azure. Promenade des Anglais: The runs adjacent to the bay and is a 4 kilometer long walkway that offers a leisurely stroll by the light blue Mediterranean sea. The road that runs parallel to this promenade houses many elegant cafes, hotels and shops. Colline du Chateau: The Castle Hill is situated at one end of the Promenade des Anglais and overlooks the city. One can take an elevator or climb the 200 steps to the top, to be rewarded with panoramic views of the Old Town and the seaside. Port Lympia: Beautiful Venetian-colored buildings line the quayside while multi-million pound yachts are parked in the sea at the port. Visit one of the many roadside cafes and restaurants and feast your eyes on the lovely yachts, home to the rich and famous tourists on their visit to Nice. Cimiez Musee Chagall: The Chagall Museum is a museum that is dedicated to the artwork of Marc Chagall. It houses the largest collection of paintings, sculptures and drawings by Chagall. Musee Archeologique de Nice: The museum lies at the site of the Roman ruins and displays artefacts and sculptures from the days of the Roman Empire. The ruins of Nice are a reminder of its days as an outpost of the Roman Empire. The amphitheater here is still used to this day during the annual Jazz festival. Gare de Nice Ville Cathedrale Saint Nicolas: A striking Russian Orthodox Church with onion bulb domes and beautiful sculptures, this is one cathedral you wouldn’t want to miss visiting! A strict dress code is enforced that excludes short skirts, shorts and T-shirts. Shopping in Nice There are many shopping streets that are worth exploring in Nice. Nice boasts of high street designer brands, open air markets with a typical French character as well as large supermarkets that sell everything that you would ever think of buying. Be sure to explore the shopping delights of Nice at leisure and fill your shopping bags with the choicest of items from the markets of Nice. Bear in mind that most shops are closed on Sundays. Avenue Jean Medicin is the undisputed main shopping street of Nice. Home to designer boutiques, high street brands and large department stores, the avenue is choc-a-bloc with some of the best stores vying for shopper’s attention. The main pedestrian shopping street of Nice is the Rue de France that is famed for exclusive clothing boutiques. A large number of cafes and restaurants also line the street that provides a welcome option for refreshments while shopping. The open markets of Nice are famous throughout Europe. The Cours Saleya in the heart of Old Nice is worth visiting for its famed flower market, in addition to the food, spices and fish markets nearby. Every Monday, the market is transformed into a flea market selling antiques and secondhand clothes. How to reach Nice Nice is a major holiday destination of Europe and well connected by various modes. Nice Airport is one of the busiest in France and has frequent daily flights to Paris as well as direct flights to almost all major European cities, as well as destinations in North Africa, Middle East and Canada. Nice is also well connected on the railway network with trains to Paris, many Italian cities and even a weekly long distance train arriving from Moscow via Warsaw and Vienna. Long distance buses connect Nice with major European cities and the motorways are a great way to reach the city from either east or the west, with spectacular drives by the coastline. Being along the coastline, Nice is extremely well connected by the sea, and all holiday cruise liners have Nice among their destinations. Ferries connect it directly to many other nearby ports. How to get around in Nice Nice has its own local bus network which forms the primary mode of public transport within the city. Train services are available connecting it to the other nearby tourist attractions along the Riviera. Taxis, scooters and bikes are the other ways of getting around the city. The local bus network, known as the Lignes d’Azur is the main urban transport option for locals to get to work or school. Of greater importance to tourists is the inter-urban network called the TAM, which connects Nice with other towns on the Riviera, such as Cannes, Menton and villages like Vence. The Tram line links the main bus station, train station, downtown and the university. It is of value to tourists other than getting them to the city center. Regional trains operated by the SCNF link all the eastern coastal towns and are a good way to travel between the towns along the French Riviera. Taxis are expensive and it is not always easy to find one. It is better to hire one from your hotel or from a designated taxi rank. Cycling enthusiasts can rent cycles to explore the city and its outskirts. Nice has a public bicycle rental system and the first 30 minutes of usage is free. While Nice is a large and sprawling city, most of the tourist and historic attractions are concentrated within the city center, around a twenty minute walking radius. Walking is a great way of getting around for tourists and exploring the attractions of foot allows visitors to drink in the sights of this glamorous city! Top Areas of Nice Gare de Nice Ville: The main railway station of Nice was originally built away from the city center, but the modern city has grown around the station, making it the city center. The station building is a beautiful piece of architecture. Most of the Nice hotels are concentrated around the railway station. Promenade des Anglais: The area of Nice that began to e [populated the foremost thanks to its spectacular location by the sea, the Promenade is flanked by the Bay of Angels on one side and many hotels and restaurants on the other side. Vieux Nice: The Old Town of Nice is a maze of alleys with many beautiful churches, cafes and shops. It is the central part of the historic town of Nice. Cimiez: Home to the ancient Roman Ruins and the Musee Matisse, this is an elegant neighborhood of Nice that played host to Queen Victoria, who stayed at the Hotel Regina during her trips to the French Riviera. Vieux Port: The port of Nice is a beautiful locality with Venetian style buildings and yachts and ferries crowding the quay. Yachts can also be rented from here for taking trips along the French Riviera and the Mediterranean Sea. Palais Des Congres: This locality gets its name from the Palais Des Congres Acroplois, which is a convention center that hosts various events. Merci! (Thank you in French)

A Comparison of The Chrysalids and 1984 :: comparison compare contrast essays

   A comparison of life in London, Air Strip One (or Great Britain) in the George Orwell novel '1984' and Waknuk, Canada in the John Wyndham novel 'The Chrysalids.' Waknuk is a society living after a nuclear attack. The people of Air Strip One (or Britain) in 1984 live in a dictatorship controlled by "The Party".      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Waknuck is an enclosed society similar to Victorian Britain. As people spend all their lives in the town or city they are born they can't experience different cultures and therefore have a lack of tolerance and understanding for differences in the lifestyles of these cultures. The lack of experience of different cultures is not the reason for a lack of a true understanding of these cultures in 1984. The people of London are effectively poisoned against such cultures by the Party and so have no reason to want to experience them.  Ã‚        Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Waknuck is also based largely on Religion - it is a Christian society. Most of the prejudices are formed from the Bible. Any creature that is against "the true image of God" (or a mutant) is called a Blasphemy. The Christian religion (and indeed other religions) have been the source of numerous prejudices in modern society in Britain (for example sexism and homophobia) and indeed conflicts (for example the conflicts between the Republic and Northern Ireland). In the novel '1984' no-one follows a religion as such, as far as the people of Britain in 1984 are concerned there is no God, the complete opposite of the radical religious views of the people of Waknuk. Most people in Waknuk have been 'brainwashed' by Christianity in the same way many people in Great Britain in 1984 have been 'brainwashed' by the party and Big Brother. Each use repetitive slogans, in 1984 such slogans as: "War is peace. Freedom is slavery. Ignorance is strength." are used and more subtly in Christianity in the form of prays and commandments. The Party and Christians each worship a figure, Big Brother and God respectively, neither people can be completely sure of   there presence but convince themselves that they exist nevertheless. The power lies with the Party in 1984 but lies with the church in Waknuk.         Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The people of Waknuk are unable to comprehend theories such as the Evolution Theory dispute finding fossils and other evidence that would conflict with Genesis.

Lyme Disease Lyme Arthritis :: Health Medicine

Lyme Disease Lyme Arthritis Lyme disease is a tick-transmitted inflammatory disorder characterized by an early focal skin lesion, and subsequently a growing red area on the skin (erythema chronicum migrans or ECM). The disorder may be followed weeks later by neurological, heart or joint abnormalities. Symptomatology The first symptom of Lyme disease is a skin lesion. Known as erythema chronicum migrans, or ECM, this usually begins as a red discoloration (macule) or as an elevated round spot (papule). The skin lesion usually appears on an extremity or on the trunk, especially the thigh, buttock or the under arm. This spot expands, often with central clearing, to a diameter as large as 50 cm (c. 12 in.). Approximately 25% of patients with Lyme disease report having been bitten at that site by a tiny tick 3 to 32 days before onset of ECM. The lesion may be warm to touch. Soon after onset nearly half the patients develop multiple smaller lesions without hardened centers. ECM generally lasts for a few weeks. Other types of lesions may subsequently appear during resolution. Former skin lesions may reappear faintly, sometimes before recurrent attacks of arthritis. Lesions of the mucous membranes do not occur in Lyme disease. The most common symptoms accompanying ECM, or preceding it by a few days, may include malaise, fatigue, chills, fever, headache and stiff neck. Less commonly, backache, muscle aches (myalgias), nausea, vomiting, sore throat, swollen lymph glands, and an enlarged spleen may also be present. Most symptoms are characteristically intermittent and changing, but malaise and fatigue may linger for weeks. Arthritis is present in about half of the patients with ECM, occurring within weeks to months following onset and lasting as long as 2 years. Early in the illness, migratory inflammation of many joints (polyarthritis) without joint swelling may occur. Later, longer attacks of swelling and pain in several large joints, especially the knees, typically recur for several years. The knees commonly are much more swollen than painful; they are often hot, but rarely red. Baker's cysts (a cyst in the knee) may form and rupture. Those symptoms accompanying ECM, especially malaise, fatigue and low- grade fever, may also precede or accompany recurrent attacks of arthritis. About 10% of patients develop chronic knee involvement (i.e. unremittent for 6 months or longer). Neurological abnormalities may develop in about 15% of patients with

Duke Players in NBA :: essays research papers

Mike Krzyzweski has sent the most players to the NBA in the past 15 years. As a matter of fact he has 15 ex-Blue Devils in the NBA. Danny Ferry was the first his players to graduate to the NBA. In 1989 he was drafted by the Los Angeles Clippers, and in 2003 helped the San Antonio Spurs win a NBA title. Christian Laettner was second in line, he was drafted 3rd overall by the Minnesota Timberwolves in 1992, and recently retired in 2005 with the Miami Heat. Laettner wasn?t the only player from the 1992 championship team to branch off into the NBA Grant Hill came right behind him in 1994, when he became the 3rd overall pick in the NBA draft, after being drafted by the Detroit Pistons he was traded to the Orlando Magic, and still plays with them. In 1999 Coach K sent out his 1st, number one overall pick, when Elton Brand was drafted by the Chicago Bulls. Brand was traded to the Los Angeles Clippers in 2001, and is considered one of the NBA?s best players. In 2001 Shane Battier won the C ollege Player of the Year award, he also earned the 6th overall pick in the draft by the Memphis Grizzlies, he now plays for the Houston Rockets. Carlos Boozer is the first 2nd round selection of Coach K?s 15 NBA players. He was chosen 35th overall by the Cleveland Cavaliers, he now plays for the Utah Jazz, and is one of the leagues top international players. Mike Dunleavy is one of three players from Duke to be chosen 3rd overall. In 2002 the Golden State Warriors selected, he currently plays with the Indiana Pacers. Dunleavy wasn?t the only player to depart from Duke in 2002, Jay Williams was his partner, going right before Dunleavy, and being the 2nd overall pick, for the Chicago Bulls. Chris Duhon became the second player to join Boozer in being a 2nd round selection in 2004 by the Chicago Bulls. Dahntay Jones is the only player who made it to the NBA that didn?t play his entire collegiate career with Duke. His childhood friend Jay Williams encouraged him to join the team after he had already been playing at Rutgers University. He was selected 20th overall in 2003 by the Boston Celtics, he presently plays with the Memphis Grizzlies. Along with teammate Elton Brand, Corey Maggette is also notable as one of the first Duke players under Coach K to leave before the end of his athletic eligibility.

Militarism and Border Violence

War exposes the operation of sex and race in the construction of a nation as war enables us to perceive the process of securing and creating territories through the use and implementation of particular values and standards of perceiving reality. For example, the division between the battlefront and home front along with the emphasis on the action in the trenches creates and highlights gendered boundaries, which are equivalent to the division between the protector and the protected. Furthermore, the social territories formed during and after the war highlights the use of ethnocentric viewpoints, which leads to racism and the exploitation of bodies. The mode in which these events are possible can be read by stating that the current events within the world are affected by the different modes in which a hegemonic groups’ power becomes visible in a society. Within this perspective, one may state that the current oppression that women experience is caused by the patriarchal views heeded by those who directly affect world politics. Such may be the case; however it is still possible to state that even though certain nations hold control of current world politics, equal ground has been given to the different agents within society. Women, in this perspective, may be seen as possessing freedom in so far as they are no longer placed within the stereotypes of the feminine. However, the case is not that simple. Consider for example a woman in a Third World Country who is granted the recognition of her independence. Although this woman is â€Å"free†, she is still placed within the stereotype of a Third World woman who needs to be further emancipated from her â€Å"barbaric† culture. In order to resolve such a conflict let us consider Michel Foucault’s conception of power. According to Foucault, power is not an institution. It refers to the strategic situations within a particular society. It cannot be located in a particular or specific entity such as the state’s sovereign, it is everywhere and nowhere at the same time manifesting its existence in the different forms of repressions present within society. Repression, however, should not be seen as an entirely negative aspect. Repression is not a form of paralysis; it should not be seen as a freezing of possibilities for all forms of repression enables. Consider for example a Muslim woman who is forced by social norms to wear a burqa. According to Abu-Lughod the act of wearing a burqa should not be seen as repressive in character since Muslim women choose to wear it for it is a basis of their social status. A Muslim woman who does not wear a burqa for instance does not come from a reputable family or she is a woman who participates in the trade of the flesh. Abu-Lughod states that the benevolent father image portrayed by America towards the Palestinian women misconstrues the Palestinian women’s cultural background. Such an ethnocentric perspective merely shows America’s disrespect of other cultures. In the above example, one can see how a repressive state may have allowances, which the individual may use to inch towards her freedom, which in these terms refers to the control of the power relations that is dominant in that particular period. Palestinian women’s opposition of the predominant consciousness regarding women’s oppression can best be portrayed using the notion of oppositional consciousness. Oppositional consciousness refers to the subversive use of tools of repression. This is evident in the practice of Palestinian women in the United States who choose to wear their burqa despite their freedom to dispose of it within foreign grounds. It might be stated that such an action is only possible since there are no threats placed upon the individual’s life when she refuses to adhere to the practice in a different place. However, it can be argued that as long as their actions are explicitly stated to stand for a particular cause notion of oppositional consciousness still follows. Oppositional consciousness, however, becomes problematic when one considers that an individual is predisposed to think in a particular way based upon his or her ontological and epistemic background. In other words, is it really possible for a woman to obtain freedom when she has been conditioned or predisposed to think in a particular way? Specifically, in a way wherein she considers the view of the patriarch to be the basis for truth compared to the view of her fellow women. This tendency is apparent in the current contentions that feminism experiences with women outside the academe. As an answer to the events, which occurred after the September 11 bombing, Bachetta, together with other transnational feminists stated their disapproval towards the violent effects of Bush’s â€Å"messianic mission† to redeem the world from all forms of â€Å"terror† evident in the so called â€Å"backward† and â€Å"barbaric ways† of those who reside in the Middle East. According to S.R., a Palestinian woman, though she agrees with the general appeal of feminists to stop the war, she disapproves of the way that feminists present Palestinian women in general. According to S.R., liberation should not be forced on an individual. It is an instinct, which presents itself on its own way. The general contention regarding transnational feminists appeal is their ethnocentric tendency to perceive other women who refuses to heed their call as â€Å"oppressed† individuals. However, it may be argued that transnational feminists notion of feminism may be salvaged if one considers that their emphasis lies on the need for women to be freed from their political double bind apparent in their marginalization as women and in the use of their bodies as tools for the assertion of power. Instances like these can be seen in Falcon’s analysis of the militarized rape cases, which occurred in the US-Mexico border. Sylvanna Falcon, in her paper â€Å"‘National Security’ and the Violation of Women’s Bodies† reiterates these claims as she discussed the cases of rape committed at the US-Mexico border. Falcon argued that the rape and harassment of women in the said border presents an example of â€Å"the hypermasculine nature of war and militarism† wherein sexual assault is used as a military strategy which aims to â€Å"dominate women and psychologically debilitate people viewed as the ‘enemy’† (120). According to Falcon, what occurs in the border is a form of â€Å"national security rape and systematic rape†. â€Å"National security rape† refers to the sexual abuse of women committed for the sake of â€Å"bolstering (a soldier’s) nervous nerves†. â€Å"Systematic rape†, on the other hand, refers to the use of rape â€Å"as an instrument of open warfare† (121). It should be noted that these women are placed in a political double bind. Besides being displaced individuals and forced migrants, they are considered as threats to the state as the state conveniently forgets that these individuals are products of the internal repressions caused by the war. One might presume that their existence within the middle ground grants them a special immunity since they are freed from the hegemonizing tendencies of the state. In fact, Falcon herself recognizes their positionality as providing them with a space that enables them to counter the system’s legitimacy. This idea becomes her springboard for the possibility of holding the United States accountable for the human rights violations committed in the US-Mexican border. However, it is important to consider the tendency of â€Å"universal rights† to be particularistic in character, in other words, applicable to others only-particularly to the enemy of those who hold the position of power. In the 1990’s a new norm has developed in international affairs. This refers to the right of self designated â€Å"enlighted states† to resort to force in order to protect humanity†. The guiding principle behind this exists in the malleability of norms and its tendency to be placed in alignment with the interests of the powerful. An example of this is apparent in Nuremberg trials wherein an act is considered â€Å"criminal† if and only it is not one, which the victor committed. The operative definition of a crime or any form of injustice within the universal jurisdiction would be an act, which only the vanquished foe committed. A more recent example can be seen in the â€Å"war against terror† of the United States. According to the US Code and Army Manual, terrorism refers to â€Å"the use, or threat, of action which is violent, damaging, or disrupting, and is intended to influence the government or intimidate the public and is for the purpose of advancing a political, religious, or ideological cause† (qtd from George, 18). From this definition, it follows that the sexual assaults, which occur at the US-Mexico border are in themselves acts of terrorism since they are enacted in order to reinforce the United States’ hold on the territory through causing damages and disruptions in women’s lives. This presents us with the self- negating tendencies of the United States’ â€Å"messianic mission† of grafting democracy along with its ideals of freedom and liberty to the rest of the world. Although it might be stated that United States may be held accountable for it offenses against the national community, the possibility of the event is dependent upon the change of the power relations that dominate the national society. Such a change, on the other hand is dependent upon women’s recognition of their positions as transnational members of the global community capable of mobilizing against the capitalist movements in the world. Works Cited: Falcon, Sylvanna.   â€Å"‘National Security’ and the Violation of Women: Militarized Border Rape at the U.S. Mexico Border.† George, Alexander.   Western State Terrorism.   Polity: Blackwell, 1991.         

Five Factor Model Personality Inventory

1. Use the Five Factor Model Personality Inventory to rate yourself on the Big Five personality dimensions. Describe each factor of your Big Five Personality Inventory. Which factor shows the greatest value in predicting your behavior? Why does it? Select one of your friends. Identify the qualities that make that person substantially different from you. In what ways are you basically similar? Which dominates, the differences or similarities? You must attach the Five Factor Model Personality Inventory together with your answers. Answer: The Big Five Personality is broad categories of personality traits.While there is a significant body of literature supporting this five-factor model of personality, researchers don't always agree on the exact labels for each dimension. The Big Five Personality Inventory includes agreeableness, Extraversion, Conscientiousness, Emotion stability and Openness to experience. Agreeableness means that the person is a good natured, co-operative, softhearted a nd trusting. Agreeableness also has an interpersonal component. Agreeable individuals tend toward conformity in groups, toward modesty, toward not being demanding, and toward being sympathetic.These individuals might be motivated toward helping others and toward prosocial behaviour in general. There may be a link between the motivational processes operating within individuals in regards to this trait, such that agreeable individuals strive for intiacy and solidarity in groups they belong to, which provides emotional rewards. People scoring low on agreeableness place self-interest above getting along with others. They are usually more cautious about other's agendas; they may feel that others are out to better their own self-interest.Extraversion is â€Å"the act, state, or habit of being predominantly concerned with and obtaining gratification from what is outside the self†. Extraverts tend to enjoy human interactions and to be enthusiastic, talkative, assertive, and gregariou s. They take pleasure in activities that involve large social gatherings, such as parties, community activities, public demonstrations, and business or political groups. Politics, teaching, sales, managing, brokering, and acting are fields that favor extraversion.An extraverted person is likely to enjoy time spent with people and find less reward in time spent alone. They tend to be energized when around other people, and they are more prone to boredom when they are by themselves. Conscientiousness means that someone who are dependable, responsible, achievement oriented and persistent. Conscientiousness is related to impulse control, but it should not be confused with the problems of impulse control found in neuroticism. People high on neurotic impulsiveness find it difficult to resist temptation or delay gratification.Individuals who are low on conscientious self-discipline are unable to motivate themselves to perform a task that they would like to accomplish. These are conceptuall y similar but empirically distinct. People who score high on the trait of conscientiousness tend to be more organized and less cluttered in their homes and offices. For example, their books tend to be neatly shelved in alphabetical order, or categorized by topic, rather than scattered around the room. A considerable amount of research indicates that conscientiousness is one of the best predictors of performance in the workplace.Emotion stability is a state of an individual that enables him or her to have appropriate feelings about common experiences and act in a rational manner. The characteristics of a person with emotional stability include relaxed, secure, unworried, confident, easy going and steady. People with this personality will not easily get disturbed , will not get stressed out easily whenever he/she are facing problem and would not worry about things. He/she will have a positive thinking and try to solve the problem with the easy way.On the other hand, those who score lo w in emotional stability means that he/she is emotional instability or sometimes call neuroticism. They are more likely to interpret ordinary situations as threatening, and minor frustrations as hopelessly difficult. Their negative emotional reactions tend to persist for unusually long periods of time, which means they are often in a bad mood. These problems in emotional regulation can diminish the ability of a person scoring high on neuroticism to think clearly, make decisions, and cope effectively with stress. Openness to experience is used to describe human personality.Openness involves active imagination, aesthetic sensitivity, attentiveness to inner feelings, preference for variety, and intellectual curiosity. A great deal of psychometric research has demonstrated that these qualities are statistically correlated. Thus, openness can be viewed as a global personality trait consisting of a set of specific traits, habits, and tendencies that cluster together. Openness is associate d with tolerance of ambiguity (which means when something is not clear), a capacity to absorb information, being very focused and the ability to be aware of more feelings, thoughts and impulses simultaneously.The result is deeper more intense experiences. Open individuals are motivated to seek out the unfamiliar and to look for complexity. After rating myself by using the Five Factor Model Personality Inventory, the score that I get from all the five factor are extraversion=28, agreeableness=33, conscientiousness=26, emotional stability=27 and openness to experience=30. From the score that I get, agreeableness is the best factor to predict my behavior. Agreeableness, like what I mention above, is a tendency to be compassionate and cooperative rather than suspicious and antagonistic toward others.Yes, I am not deny that I am a person like that. I am a compassionate person. I am cooperative rather than suspicious and antagonistic toward others. I choose to believe what my friend told me. I will never suspect about them. I also choose to be kind to my friend. I will try my best to help them as I can whenever they need me. I am also a softhearted person. Usually, I will forgive those who hurt me after they said sorry to me or maybe they not, but, I will also forgive them after sometime just like nothing happen before. Yet, I am also a person who conformity in group and toward modesty.No wonder what activity I joined, I am just the follower but not the incharge person. My friend, Lau Chen Ee also get his highest score in the agreeableness factor and lowest score in openness to experience factor. We know each other since Form 6, that mean we already be friend for about 4 years. In this 4 years time, I get to know him well. He is a friendly person. He is good to all his friend very well. He not the person that who have a finger in every pie. But, he will show his concern to you when he notice that you are having some problem.Besides that, he is also an optimistic per son. I still can remember that, I can always hear his laughing voice all around the school. He seem like does not have anything to fuss over. Exam problem- no, homework problem-no, relationship problem-no! All the qualities that I mention above about him are the quality that I am lack of. I am a person who like to have finger in every pie. I am not an attentive person. I am always think negatively and worried about this worried about that. That is what he are substantially different from me.But, we still have similarity. I will show concern to my friend when they are facing some problem like he does. I am friendly to all my friend like he does. I will take time out to others like he does. I am sympathize to others like he does. Moreover, I like to sing like he does. After doing this Five Factor Model Personality Inventory rating, I get to know all the five personality well and this will help me a lot in how to communicate and to get along with others. This inventory also let me to k now myself more deeply and so my friend.

Compare and Contrast Frank Mccourt’s Stories

A young boy named Frank McCourt the age of nine is the main character of this story, â€Å"Typhoid Fever†. Told from his perspective, he explains his experiences of having typhoid fever in bed rest at a hospital in Ireland. While in the hospital, Frank gets to know a girl named Patricia, who is a patient in hospital for diphtheria. Disregarding the nun’s warnings, they continued to talk to each other and share poetry. In the middle of telling a poem, â€Å"The Highwayman†, the nun punishes them by putting Frank in a different room.Soon after, Patricia dies without Frank ever hearing the rest of the poem. A nice, old janitor searches a local pub for the end of the poem and eventually tells Franks the very sad ending of the poem. Although â€Å"Education of Frank McCourt† also features Frank McCourt as the main character, this Frank McCourt is much older; being a middle- aged man. As an English teacher in the United States, Frank struggles to tell his studen ts about his poverty and lack of education during his childhood in fear that they will think badly of him.Teaching his students, he helps them to find their writing voices by recording them speak and writing it down. He gave them encouragement with phrases like, â€Å"Dig deeper. Dance your own dance. † Later in his retirement, he finds that he needs to take his own advice when it comes to him writing his own book. All he had needed to do was pick up the pen. These two stories are both alike and unalike in several ways. Firstly, like most stories, both stories involve the main character dealing with a struggle.While in â€Å"Typhoid Fever† Frank is dealing with his recovery from typhoid fever, and in â€Å"The Education of Frank McCourt† he struggles with finding his own voice to suitable relate the story of his childhood on paper. These two stories are dissimilar in a way, too, because they are told from different perspectives. The first story is told by the bo y who was actually there suffering from typhoid fever. However, the second story is told by a third-person that played no part in the story and is simply retelling it. While these two stories are quite alike, they are quite unalike as well.

Payroll Accounting Essay

I visited Cabela’s on friends and family night, so I observed their internal controls. I also asked my inside source of their internal controls that are not seen on the sales floor. My source provided me with Cabela’s Business Code and Ethics which clearly states: â€Å"All Outfitters are required to; appropriately manage and safeguard Cabela’s assets, ensure their efficient use, and ensure they are used for legitimate business purposes; maintain complete, accurate, and timely financial records related to their area of responsibility; assure the integrity of all Cabela’s books, records, and accounting practices.† Each new employee must read this booklet, and then sign their name stating that they read and are in compliance with what it outlines. Outfitters are required to cooperate with reason to any legal and governmental requests, inspections, and investigations. Some of the internal controls that I observed were computerized inventory, all Outfit ters with headsets, authorized personnel only in stockrooms, authorized personnel to check gun sells and gun buy backs, and high end merchandise not being handed over until paid for. When I was there I noticed some of the larger products were starting to run low, so I asked my source how they know if there were any more in stock without having to go to the stockroom. She said they have computerized inventory, so all she would have to do is put the UPC in the database. Then she would know right then if they were anymore or if they would have to place an order for the product. This leads to why every Outfitter having their own headset, once she finds out if there are more she just has to call over the headset to a recovery team member. The reason she has to call to the recovery team is because they are the only ones allowed in the stockroom. This cuts down on internal theft, helps with inventory, and audits. With this type of control when something is out of place whether that is merchandise or finance recordings it is easier to pin point the misstep. Another internal control that I was able to observe was high end merchandise is never released to a customer until the final transaction is complete. While there I overheard a customer asking for an expensive pair of  sunglasses in the gift shop section, the Outfitter got the sunglasses, took the gentleman’s name and told him they would be at register two when he was ready to check out. This helps with two things, theft being the biggest factor but also with the front registers being the only places non-specialized merchandise is purchased it cuts down on multiple closing records. I say non-specialized merchandise because guns of any type must be purchased at the register in the gun library. Which brings in the last internal control that I was able to observe; when a gun of any kind whether it be a small hand gun to a hunting rifle, not only is it purchased at the gun library but an authorized personnel called a gun runner carries the gun and escorts the customer to the exit door. Cabela’s also has an authorized person standing at the exit doors that has been told via headset that a gun runner with x-amount of guns is heading his way. He is also authorized to check and lock guns being brought into Cabela’s for buy back. After he puts a lock on it he then calls for a gun runner to come get the gun, carry it, and escort the customer to the gun library. With everything I observed and was told by my source, Cabela’s leaves no holes in their internal workings, from merchandise to keeping with their finance records. I would say they are doing something right because this is one of the few companies that have not had their name ran through â€Å"media mud† due to fraud.

Litterature Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Litterature - Essay Example Baldwin’s socio-economic, gender, racial, and religious conditions shape a personal-universal writing style, which aims to write for people who establish and develop their identities, using their own frame of references. Cultural Issues and Influences Baldwin’s cultural issues intersect concerns for race, gender, and class, where Harlem is one of the strongest cultural influences on Baldwin. The poverty of his family and neighborhood and the religiosity of his stepfather affected his work aesthetics and style. Gerald Meyer believes that the key to understanding Baldwin’s politics is through analyzing his Harlem roots and culture. While some writers like Langston Hughes saw Harlem as a black Mecca, Baldwin lived in it and remembers it as a ghetto.† Baldwin’s â€Å"The Harlem Ghetto† dispels notions of aesthetic greatness that some writers attribute to it: †¦the buildings are old and in desperate need of repair, the streets are crowded and dirty; there are too many human beings per square mile†¦ All of Harlem is a place pervaded by a sense of congestion, rather like the insistent, maddening, claustrophobic pounding in the skull that comes from trying to breathe in a very small room with all the windows shut.† (39 qtd. in Meyer 274). ... Furthermore, though coming from a low economic status with racial and gender concerns, Baldwin resists being a black fundamentalist or to conform to any label. Instead, he supports diverse views, a devotion which signifies his multiracial and multi-gender politics. He does not want to be seen as a Negro writer or as a gay writer per se (Field 7). In writing for all, nevertheless, critics charged him for having no unifying ideology. Francois Burgess disparages Baldwin’s works as being too broad: â€Å"Alone among Black contemporary writers, Baldwin could not or did not know how to find a central ideology that would give to his work coherence and unity† (Bobia 54 qtd. in Field 7). But this paper believes that Baldwin only writes from what he feels is personally right, which resonate with those who experience or witness the same struggles. Baldwin does not have to conform to the frameworks and labels of others to become the writer that he wants to be. Aside from Harlem, Pa ris shaped Baldwin’s writings through the theme of expatriation. Baldwin leaves America, not only because he is disillusioned with the persecution of his race and gender in the U.S., but more so because he wants to distance himself from these struggles, in order to find his identity, including his writing voice. Price describes Baldwin’s Parisian stopover as a â€Å"liberating experience,† that gives him â€Å"the sanction, if one can accept it, to become oneself† (313 qtd. in Tomlinson 136). Baldwin cannot be himself in a society that attacks him from different sides. The physical distance refreshes him, reminding him of his roles and functions as a writer and as an American. Robert Tomlinson argues that the theme of expatriation in Baldwin’s works

LOVE DQ1 and DQ2 Comment To Peer Response Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

LOVE DQ1 and DQ2 Comment To Peer Response - Essay Example You also mention that one of the marketing goals of the firm is to increase customer traffic. Three of the best ways of turning customer traffic into sales are installing click to call features, chatting with customers online, and offering a try before you buy program (Flandez, 2012). I do not think that Marvel despite its low advertising rates poses that much of a threat to Mednet.com. Marvel is a search engine that does not have the capacity to offer detail medical information on a variety of different subjects. The healthcare industry is one of the most profitable industries in the United States. In 2010 the healthcare industry generated $2,708.4 billion in revenues nationally (Plunkett Research, 2011). There are thousands of health products available in the marketplace that could benefit from advertising at Mednet.com. You are correct in your assertion that one of the marketing goals of the company is to generate profits. â€Å"Profits are actually an extremely important feedback mechanism which helps producers determine whether or not they are making & selling things people want at prices theyre willing to pay† (Malone,

Database Applications Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Database Applications - Research Paper Example It mainly focuses on the safe management and maintenance of data, and providing access to multiple applications and users simultaneously. Despite its complexity as compared to flat text files and spreadsheets, it actually makes things easier considering the weaknesses of the latter (i.e. redundant information, outdated data, file size, complex protection of data from unauthorized use and from becoming corrupt), particularly when working with large-scale applications. These issues aforementioned are taken cared of Relational Database Management System (RDBMS), such that the flexibility and security of data outweighs the complexity of the system. Codd's idea was to break down a long row of data fields into smaller tables describing specific subsets of the data collected, ultimately reducing the data footprint and cost. Furthermore, it enforces data integrity by ensuring data type correctness (by using strong data types), eliminating redundant data (by saving data entities in just one p lace), disallowing harmful deletes (by using key constraints), and guarantees efficient retrieval and manipulation of data (by splitting up data into chunks). With SQL Server 2005 Express Edition, you get the advantages of RDBMS.